t字母开头的词汇列表
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tousle(v.)
"粗暴地拉扯,混乱,凌乱",15世纪中期, -tousen 的反复动作,意为“粗暴地处理或推动”,可能来自未记录的古英语 *tusian,源自原始日耳曼语 *tus-(也是弗里西亚语 tusen,古高地德语 erzusen,德语 zausen “拖,拉,弄乱”的来源); 与 tease(v.)有关。相关: Tousled; tousling。
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Toussaint(n.)
法语中,字面意思是“所有圣人的节日”(11月1日),由 tous 的复数形式和 tout “所有”以及 saint “圣人”组成。
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tout(v.)
1700年,盗贼隐语中的“充当了望风的人,监视”,源自中古英语 tuten “窥视,偷看”,可能来自于古英语 totian “突出,窥视,偷看”,源自原始日耳曼语 *tut- “突出”(源头还包括荷兰语 tuit “发芽,鼻子”,中古荷兰语 tute “乳头,奶嘴”,中低地德语 tute “角,漏斗”,古诺尔斯语 tota “奶头,鞋头”)。这个意义发展为“寻找工作、选票、顾客等,试图获得它们”(1731年),然后是“在销售中高度赞扬”(1920年)。相关词汇: Touted; touting。
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tow(v.)
"用绳子拉",古英语 togian "拖,拉",源自原始日耳曼语 *tugojanan(也指古英语 teon "拉",古弗里西亚语 togia "拉扯",古诺尔斯语 toga,古高地德语 zogon,德语 ziehen "拉,拖"),源自 PIE 词根 *deuk- "领导"(也指拉丁语 ducere "领导")。相关词汇: Towed; towing。
tow(n.1)
"亚麻、大麻等的粗糙、断裂的纤维,与细部分分离",14世纪晚期,可能来自古英语 tow- "纺织"(在 towlic "适合纺织", tow-hus "纺织室"中),或许与哥特语 taujan "做,制造",中古荷兰语 touwen "编织,织造"同源,源自原始日耳曼语 *taw- "制造"(见 taw(v.))。
tow(n.2)
大约1600年,指“拖曳用的绳索”,源自 tow(动词)。指“被拖曳的行为或事实”始于1620年代。
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towage(n.)
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towards(adv.)
古英语 toweards,源自 toweard(形容词)"coming, facing, approaching"(见 toward)+副词性属格结尾。
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toward(prep.)
toward(adj.)
Old English toweard, "forthcoming, future, yet to come," from to (see to (prep.)) + -ward. By c. 1300 as "benevolent," also "yielding, pliant," hence "docile, in a state of submission," perhaps on the notion of "aiming, intending to reach," hence "willing to learn from or serve."
Compare froward "away from," hence "turned against, disobedient; adverse, difficult," forward (adj.) "early, in front," hence in a derogatory sense "over-helpful, presumptuous, impertinent." Also compare untoward, which was in Bible translations and continues in use.
Modern toward as "favorable, propitious" is attested by 1850, marked rare in OED, and probably a back-formation from untoward. Related: Towardness; towardly "in an obliging manner" (mid-15c.); "likely to lead to a desired result" (1510s); towardliness.
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towaway(adj.)
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towboat(n.)
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towel(n.)
13世纪中叶,源自古法语 toaille(12世纪),来自法兰克语 *thwahlja,源自原始日耳曼语 *thwahlijan(也是 Old Saxon thwahila,Middle Dutch dwale “毛巾”,荷兰语 dwaal “祭坛布”,古高地德语 dwehila “毛巾”,德语方言 Zwehle “餐巾”的来源); 与德语 zwagen,古英语 þwean “洗涤”有关。西班牙语 toalla,意大利语 tovaglia 是日耳曼语借词。在拳击中, throw in the towel “认输”(1915)。
towel(v.)
1836年(及物动词); 1861年(不及物动词),源自 towel(名词)。相关词汇: Towelled; towelling。